Aesthetic Movement
This might be called the 'arty' end of the Arts and Crafts Movement. It was a reaction to the flamboyant ornamentations loved by the Victorians. From the 1840's a new purity of design was championed by Pugin and Owen Jones, and in the 1860's the ideal of Art for Art's Sake was taken up by the culturally aware. 
The Biedermeier period does not refer to the era as a whole, but to a particular mood and set of trends that grew out of Central Europebetween 1815 and 1848 during which the grew in number and the arts appealed to common sensibilities.
